英语句子种类与类型整理

英语句子种类与类型I 、 句子种类（按交际用途分）陈述句陈述句、 疑问句、 祈使句、 感叹句、疑问句祈使句感叹句提提纲纲THERE BE存在句I I 、 句子类型（按句子结构分）简单句、 并列句、 复合句、 并列复合句I 、 句子种类（按交际用途分）陈述句、 疑问句、 祈使句、感叹句、 THERE BE存在句感叹句、 THERE BE存在句1 、 陈述句定式， 语序是主语在前， 位于在后。说明一个事实或陈述一个看法， 有肯定式和否She arrived early.She cannot have arrived now.注： 1 ） 半否定句I hardly know anything about it.I、句子种类2） 部分否定句与全否定句I don’t like both the films.I like neither Cathy nor Mary.3否定转移I don’t think it will be very cold today.believe, expect, suppose,imagine2、 疑问句 有一般疑问句、 特殊疑问句、 选择疑问句、 反义疑问句。1 ） 一般疑问句 用来询问一件事， 答案通常是yes或no， 注意语序。I、句子种类Have you anything to say?Did someone phone me last night?Can’t you understand it?I sn’t it a beautiful lake? Haven’t you been to the UK? No, I haven’t.2） 特殊疑问句 疑问词有who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how等。I、句子种类（1 ） 陈述语序Who was the first man in space?（2） 倒装语序Who are you talking about?注： A、 简略式Why not go alone? Why get so angry?How/ What about taking a rest?B、 复杂特殊疑问句What do you think he has done?I、句子种类3） 选择疑问句1 以一般疑问句为基础I s he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman?Shall I help you or can you manage?2以特殊疑问句为基础Which do you prefer, red wine or white?How shall we go there? By bus or by train?I、句子种类4） 反义疑问句问： +， ？ 或 ， +？答： +， +. 或 ， .1.Tom hardly knows French, ?2.—Mary didnt fail her exam, did she? , she didn‘t.3.You needn’t come, you?You need to come, you?4.He had a big time there, he?He had a car, he?We hardly have to get up early, we?5.He used to live in Leeds, he?6.Let’s go to the match at once, we?Leave me alone, you?7 They have been learning to drive7.They have been learning to drive, they?they?I、句子种类4） 反义疑问句8.No one was hurt, ?9.There is no doubt about it, ?1 0.Anna hasn’t got to go to school on Sunday, she?3、 祈使句表达命令、 要求、 请求、 劝告等， 用原形。I、句子种类1 ） 带第二人称的祈使句Be quiet, please. Don’t make any noise!You call a taxiYou call a taxi. Don’t you forget it.强调Don’t you forget it 强调Give me a hand, will/won’t/would/wouldn’ you?2） 带第一、 三人称的祈使句Let me try again. Let’s go. Let us go.Let’s not say anything about it./Don’t let’s say…Let him be here by 10 o’clock.I、句子种类3、 祈使句注意：1、 加强语气Do be careful of my broken leg.o be ca e u oy b o eegDo let me have another try. 2 、 祈使句的省略式A:Shall I open the window? B:Yes, please do./ No, please don’t.A:Shall we watch the game? B:Yes, let’s.4、 感叹句由what 或how引导的， 表示惊奇、 愤怒、 赞赏、 喜悦等。I、句子种类What a cute baby it is!What fine weather we have today!What a good time we had last night!at a good teead astg tHow foolish she is!How clearly you speak!How clever a boy he is!* * * * * * * * * * * * *What a dirty room, ?What interesting films, ?I、句子种类5、THERE BE存在句There is a clock on the table.Once there lived a king called Lear.There goes the bell!Here come the bus. Here he comes.There used to be a village at the foot of the mountain.There is certain to be a heavy rain tonight.There seems to be some misunderstanding.There is a baby crying in the next door.There being no bus, we had to walk home.I I 、 句子类型（按句子结构分）简单句、 并列句、 复合句、 并列复合句二、句子类型1 、 简单句单词或短语的句子。只包含一个主谓结构， 个个成分都是All roads lead to Rome.He got up, dressed quickly, washed himself and went out.I s he a superman?Don’t be shy. Have a try.The man dressed in black seems to be a spy.二、句子类型2、 并列句结构， 分句由并列连词and,then,but,or,or else,so,for,while,when;both…and,either…or,neither…nor,not only…,but also,as well as等来连接。包含两个或更多互不依从的主谓He is a basketball fan, and his wife is a volleyball fan.Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.y,gDon’t be late, for there is a meeting.Hurry up, or you’ll be late.He works hard while his brother is a lazy bone.He was enj oying his KFC when a friend came.二、句子类型3、 复合句同位语、 定语、 状语等， 由另一个句子承当。复合句的某个成分， 如主语、 宾语、 表语、（1 ） 名词性从句主语从句、 宾语从句、 表语从句和同位语从句统称为名词性从句。宾语从句注意事项： 引导词、 语序、 时态呼应、 语态。主语/ 表语/ 同位从句注意事项： 引导词、 语序、 语态。注意： 1 、 whether与if的区别；2、 陈述句变来的名词性从句由什么引导。 那么， 一般疑问句、 特殊疑问句、 选择疑问句、 感叹句变来的呢？二、句子类型3、 复合句（2） 定语从句= 先行词+ 引导词+ 其它。引导词的选用取决于：1 ） 先行词；2） 先行词的修饰语；3） 引导词在定语从句中的成分。注意： 定语从句中的主谓一致；3、 复合句3状语从句 即用作状语的分句,可作下列状语：1 、 时间（after,before,as,when,while,since,till,until,whenever as long as as soon as;thewhenever,as long as,as soon as;the moment,every time,next time;no sooner…than,hardly…when ） ；二、句子类型2、 地点（where,wherever） ；3、 方式（as,as if,as though） ；4、 程度（as…as, more than,so…that,such…that） ；5、 原因（because,since,as,now that,that） ；6、 结果（,so that,so…that,such…that） ；77、 目的（so that,in order that,in case） ；目的（th t idth t i）二、句子类型3状语从句8、 条件（if,unless） ；9、 让步（though,although,even if,even though,in spite of the fact that ,whenever,wherever,whoever,whichever,However,no matter how,whether） 。二、句子类型3、 复合句并列复合句 即并列连词连接了 带从句的并列句。English is widely used in the world, but China has the largest number of people who speak ChiChinese.