句子种类和类型课件〔PPT课件〕

EnglishGrammar Sentence 五语基本句型句子成分 II 、句子语语（按交语用途分） 语述句、疑语句、祈使句、感语句、 THERE BE 存在句 III 、句子语型（按句子语 （一）句子成分的定语：成句子的各 部分叫做句子 成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和语语；次要成分有表语、语语、定语、 语、语足语和同位语。 （二）主语：主语是一句子所 、疑语句（主语不是疑语语语）和倒 语、不定式、语名语、名语化的形容语和主语句等表示。 例如：During 1990s,American country music has become more morepopular. Weoften speak English Hepractices running every morning. ）由情语语语或其他助语语加语语原形 Youmay keep twoweeks. He has caught badcold. students.（四）表语：表语用以语明主语的身 、特征和 一般位于系语语（如be,become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名语、代语、形容语、 示。例如：Our teacher weatherhas turned cold. （形容语） Threetimes seven twentyone? Hisjob teachEnglish. （不定式） 定语可由以下等成分表示：Guilin beautifulcity. （形容语） China developingcountry; America developedcountry. thirtywomen teachers ourschool. Hisrapid progress Englishmade us surprised. Ourmonitor classroom.（不定式短语） teachingplan nextterm has been worked out. 语特征的句子成分，叫做语。可由以下形式 表示：Light travels most quickly. Hehas lived tenyears. 短语）He havepassed nationalcollege entrance examination. （不定式短语） He roommaking modelplane. （分语短语） Wait Onceyou begin, you must continue. Howabout meeting again Lastnight she didn’t go danceparty because rain.（原因 shallgo doesn’train. MrSmith lives thirdfloor. （地点 Sheput greatcare. Shecame herhand. （伴随状 catchup mustwork harder. （目的 sotired hefell asleep immediately. Sheworks very hard though she amtaller than he 指出下列句子语部分是什语句子成分： studentsgot schoolbus. Hehanded me shallanswer your question after class. beautifulChinese painting! 主语 定语 wenthunting together early Hisjob trainswimmers. Hetook many photos Americanfilm tonight. 定语表语 语语（不及物语语）：e.g. We work. e.g.Henry bought 表语：e.g. He e.g.My father bought me e.g.Tom made babylaugh. 注：其他各语句子都可由语一语基本句型语展、语化 或省略而 保持look 不及物语语laugh listen及物语语 see sawhim last week. We heard badnews yesterday. eatbread every day. He drank milkjust now. 什语是及物语语和不及物语语呢 Shesmiled happily. laughedloudly. 如果要加语语 Shelook blackboardcarefully. He listened histeacher usafter match.语助语语 weredo didhave needcould mighthave has hadbetter workerran fast. girldances well. womanwalks slowly. 语语语语（不及物语语）He likes basketball game. He plays computer games every day. He played soccer yesterday. He guitarnow. 、主语语语构（SVO 有些语是及物语语又是不及物语语，那就要 kitesfly Mr.Li goodteacher. interesting/wonderful.He feels hungry. flowerlooks beautiful. He gave me present.She teaches us. She teaches English. She teaches us English. She told me story.SVOiOd cutchoose doHe bought me newbike. sb.He bought newbike handShe lent me sb.She lent me.SVOC He told me cleanmy room. sawher dancing. Our teacher asks us readEnglish every day. makesb. do sth. teachsb. dosth. feelsb. do sth. sb. doing sth. helpsb. dosth. welcome比语特殊－－我语可以语 visityour school. youcan visit our school. wishyou visitour school. visitour school. visitour school. ourschool. 但不可以语： welcomeyou visitour school. verygood girl verygood. newbike. playsvolleyball. toldme gaveme goodbook. askedme helphim. mademe happy. 主系表型She verygood girl verygood. newbike. He playsvolleyball. toldme story.He gaveme goodbook. 主语语语语式He askedme helphim. He mademe happy. guitar.His music verybeautiful. beautifulmusic. He playinghappily. Youshould study hard. Shewent home very late yesterday evening. letterlast night. Mybrothers allcollege students. JohnsonMr Johnson taught us German last year. Grandmatold me interestingstory last night. Alice.We call her Alice. John.His parents named him John. II THERE BE 否定式，语序是主语在前，位于在后。She arrived early. She cannot have arrived now. hardlyknow anything about don’tlike both likeneither Cathy nor Mary. don’tthink verycold today. believe, expect, suppose, imagine 、疑语句有一般疑语句、特殊疑语句、语语 疑语句、反意疑语句。 ，注意语序。Have you anything say?Did someone phone me last night? Can’t you understand beautifullake? Haven’t you been ）语述语序Who firstman youtalking about? goalone? Why get so angry? How/What about taking 、语语特殊疑语句What do you think he has done? policeman?Shall helpyou canyou manage? 以特殊疑语句语基语Which do you prefer, red wine white?How shall we go 用以表示语求、命令、语告、建语等的句子叫做祈使句（ imperative sentence 祈使句的语语述句一语，但主语常省略。祈使 Pleasehave seathere. way,please. way,please. goodboy! Let me help you. Dont forget me! shallwe shallwe Let’sgo home, shall we Letus /me /him…… e.g.Let him have Letus have 感语句通常有what, how 引语，表 Howclever boyhe 2.How+形容语或副语 Howlovely 语述语序。What noise 语述语序。What cleverboy he 他是多语明的孩子！5.What+ 形容语 语述语序。What wonderful ideas wehave 6.What+形容语 Whatcold weather cleverboy he 的省略形式语：What cleverboy! THERE BE存在句 table.Once kingcalled Lear. bell!Here come bus.Here he comes. heavyrain tonight. somemisunderstanding. babycrying nextdoor. bus,we had walkhome. II 、语语句只包含一 主语语 个个分都是语语或短语的句子。 All roads lead Rome.He got up, dressed quickly, washed himself wentout. superman?Don’t shy.Have mandressed blackseems 包含或更多互不依 、表示语接同等 念，常用 两个 only…butalso…, neither…nor…, teacher’sname student’sname 、表示语语，常用的语语有or,either…or…, otherwise 等。e.g. Hurry up, you’llmiss 、表示语折，常用的语语有but,still, however, yet, while, when 等。e.g. He littleman thickglasses, hehad strangeway makinghis classes lively interesting.He basketballfan, hiswife volleyballfan. Honey beestings. Don’t meeting.Hurry up, late.He works hard while his brother lazybone. He enjoyinghis KFC when friendcame. 、表示因果语系，常用的语语有so, e.g.August riveharvest, so every day workfrom dawn until dark. 、表示语接同等 念，常用 两个 only…butalso…, neither…nor…, teacher’sname student’sname 、表示语语，常用的语语有or,either…or…, otherwise 等。e.g. Hurry up, you’llmiss 、表示语折，常用的语语有but,still, however, yet, while, when 等。e.g. He littleman thickglasses, hehad strangeway makinghis classes lively therefore等。e.g. August riveharvest, so every day workfrom dawn until dark. 句、表语句和同位语 引语语、语序、语语呼语、语语。主语 同位句注意事语： 引语语、语序、语语。注意： 般疑语句、特殊疑语句、语语疑语句、感语句语 ）引语语在定语句中的成分。 注意：定语句中的主语一致； 用作语语的分句 after,before,as,when,while,since,till,until,whenever,as long moment,everytime,next time;nosooner… than,hardly…when 、地点（where,wherever 、程度（as…as,more …than,so… 、原因（because,since,as,now ,sothat,so…that,such…that 、目的（so though,although,evenif,even though,in spite ,whenever,wherever,whoever,whichever,However,no matter how,whether widelyused Chinahas largestnumber peoplewho speak Chinese. 语语二、语语句、 Weoften study Chinese history Fridayafternoon. boywho offered me his seat calledTom. room,isn’t Mybrother halfpast seven comeback home ClassOne ClassTwo. drawingwhen he Neitherhas he changed his mind, nor hedo so. Whathe said veryimportant, isn’t boyhow tree.10. Both Tom Jackenjoy country music. 语句；10 、语语句 Giveme one more minute thirdtime Johnhas been late, hasn’the isn’the joyfulhe meethis brother again! Letus pass, shan’twe shallwe won’twe supposehe’s serious, isn’the Youhad better smokehere, hadyou shallyouD. have you youcan you’llwin swimmingcompetition. youforgot turnoff lightswhen you left roomlast night. Johnhas yetpassed drivingtest, Henryhasn’t too Henryalso has neitherHenry has neitherhas Henry 10. manysports lovers hisoffice. Some love climbing, othersenjoy swimming. so11. Doyou feel like going out wouldyou rather have dinner goout. so12. temperaturetoday?” 38degrees.” Howhot Howhigh 13. Youruncle isn’t Yes,he isn’t heisn’t How,she What,she 15.Mary went bedearly, shefelt very tired. yet16. Mother dresswhen she cut her finger. made17. He lay readsomething borrowed from library. yet18. reallylike some lunch haveso much work whatyou want canget Tellme youwould say tellme youtell me 19. canlift one hundred pounds. yethe he20. thoughtyou had I’velost