雅思阅读句子填空题透析

下面笔者以《剑桥雅思考试全真试题集5》Test 4 Passage 3里的句子填空题为例来讲解上文所述解题思路在实际做题中的应用。 题目要求 Complete the sentences. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer. 34. Day length is a useful cue for breeding in areas where are unpredictable. 35. Plants which do not respond to light levels are referred to as . 36. Birds in temperate climates associate longer days with nesting and the availability of . 37. Plants that flower when days are long often depend on to help them reproduce. 38. Desert annuals respond to as a signal for reproduction. 39. There is no limit to the photosynthetic rate in plants such as . 40. Tolerance to shade is one criterion for the of plants in forestry and horticulture. 解题步骤 第一步：通过阅读题目要求，考生会发现答案的字数最多不能超过三个单词。 第二步：选择题目的定位词，并根据语法知识预判答案的词性。第34题的定位词是day length和cue，根据空格后的are可预判答案的词性为可数名词的复数形式;第35题的定位词是plants和light levels，根据句中的plants、are以及句子结构可预判答案的词性为可数名词的复数形式;第36题的定位词是birds、longer days和nesting，根据空格前的介词of可预判答案的词性为名词或动名词;第37题的定位词是plants和reproduce，根据空格前的介词on可预判答案的词性为名词或动名词;第38题的定位词是desert annuals和reproduction，根据空格前的介词to可预判答案的词性为名词或动名词;第39题的定位词是photosynthetic rate和plants，根据句子结构和空格前的such as可预判答案的词性为名词，单复数均有可能;第40题的定位词是forestry和horticulture，根据空格前的定冠词the可预判答案的词性为名词。 第三、四步：根据定位词回原文定位答案信息，并最终确定答案。 第34题：答案对应的原文文字如下：“In the temperate zone in spring, temperatures fluctuate greatly from day to day, but day length increases steadily by a predictable amount.”考生会注意到，该句中含有转折词but，表明but前后的内容是相反的意思，but后面出现的单词predictable与题干中的单词unpredictable意思正好相反，考生据此可以推测，该题的答案出现在but之前，又根据该题答案应为可数名词的复数形式，考生可以判断出本题的答案是temperatures。 第35题：答案对应的原文文字如下：“Plants which flower after a period of vegetative growth, regardless of photoperiod, are known as day-neutral plants.”其中plants对应题干中的plants，regardless of photoperiod对应于题干中的do not respond to light levels，are known as对应于题干中的are referred to as，再结合答案应为可数名词复数形式的单词这一点，考生可以判断出本题的答案是day-neutral plants。 第36题：答案对应的原文文字如下：“Thus many temperate-zone birds use the increasing day lengths in spring as a cue to begin the nesting cycle, because this is a point when adequate food resources will be assured.”其中many temperate-zone birds对应题干中的birds in temperate climates，increasing day lengths对应题干中的longer days，nesting cycle对应题干中的nesting，will be assured对应题干中的availability，再结合答案应为名词，考生可以判断出本题的答案是adequate food resources。 第37题：答案对应的原文文字如下：“Long-day plants are adapted for situations that require fertilization by insects, or a long period of seed ripening.”其中long-day plants对应题干中的plants that flower when days are long，fertilization对应题干中的reproduce，by对应题干中的depend on。这样一来，答案应该出现在原文这句话中逗号前面的部分，且应为名词或动名词。因此题目的答案是insects。 第38题：答案对应的原文文字如下：“For example, desert annuals germinate, flower and seed whenever suitable rainfall occurs, regardless of the day length.”其中desert annuals对应题干中的desert annuals，“germinate, flower and seed”对应题干中的reproduction，而regardless of与题干中的respond to的意思相反，因此其后的day length不是本题的答案，此时答案只能来自于whenever suitable rainfall occurs，再结合答案应为名词或动名词这一点，考生可以判断出题目的答案是suitable rainfall。 第39题：答案对应的原文文字如下：“Some plants reach maximal photosynthesis at one-quarter full sunlight, and others, like sugarcane, never reach a maximum, but continue to increase photosynthesis rate as light intensity rises.”其中others (指other plants)对应题干中的plants，never reach a maximum对应题干中的there is no limit，photosynthesis rate对应题干中的photosynthetic rate，like对应题干中的such as，又因为答案应为句中的名词，考生可以判断出本题的答案是sugarcane。 第40题：对应的原文文字如下：“Plants in general can be divided into two groups: shade-tolerant species and shade-intolerant species. This classification is commonly used in forestry and horticulture.”其中plants对应题干中的plants，shade-tolerant和shade-intolerant对应题干中的tolerance to shade，is commonly used in对应题干中的is one criterion for，forestry and horticulture对应题干中的forestry and horticulture，再结合答案应为句中的名词这一点，考生可以判断出题目的答案是classification。