2019山东考研英语长难句解析（一）
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1. 原句：His function is analogous to that of a judge who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.
需要思考的问题：
1. 你可以找到句子主干吗?
2. 这个句子里有几个定语从句?先行词分别是谁?
3. of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible.the course of reasoning which led him to his decision 是作什么成分?这个结构里有一个宾语后置的现象，你找到宾语是哪一部分了吗?
解析：
1.主干：his function is analogous to that of a judge.
2.有两个定语从句。第一个是who 引导的，先行词是judge; 第二个是which引导的，先行词是the course.
3.这个结构是作obligation的定语，因为是of 介词短语。真正的宾语是the course of reasoning which led him to his decision: 因为跟了一个定语从句，所以太长了，被后置了。所以这是宾语后置的第一种形式(动词+介词短语+宾语)。注：as obvious a matter as possible 这个介词短语作方式状语。
参考译文：他的职责与法官相似，必须承担这样的责任：用尽可能清楚明白的方式来展示自己做出决定的推理过程。
2. 原句：Just as bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles, and improved their feeble corporation governance, a new problem threatens to earn them especially in America the sort of nasty headlines that inevitably lead to heads rolling in the executive suite: data insecurity.
需要思考的问题：
1. 这个句子确实太长了，你能找到几个谓语?
2. 谓语是有好几个，哪个是句子主干里的谓语呢?句子主干能找到不?
3. 这个句子里有几个从句?分别是什么类型的从句?
解析：
1. 谓语：(1)as引导的从句里：have sorted out; (have) improved; (2)句子主干里：threaten(3)that 引导的从句里：lead to
2.句子主干：A new problem threatens to earn them.
3.共2个从句：as引导的时间状语从句;that引导的定语从句(修饰headlines)
参考译文：正值老板、董事会们总算解决了最为棘手的财务和合规问题，并且改善了薄弱的公司治理之际，一个新的问题又威胁着他们 尤其是在美国 那种不可避免地导致管理层受重罚的负面头条，这个问题就是：数据不安全。
3. 原句：However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behavior became markedly different.
需要思考的问题：
1.句子主干是?
2.判断下列句子所做的成分：
①when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers
②so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock
解析：
1.主干：their behavior became markedly different.
2.①时间状语从句 ②目的状语从句
参考译文：但是，当把两只猴子分别关在相邻的两个房间里，他们能够互相看见对方用石头换回来什么东西时，猴子的行为就会变得明显不同。
4. 原句：As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became personal too, as well as institutional, with display becoming sharper and storage capacity increasing.
需要思考的问题：
1.一上来as引导的什么从句?最后 with display...... 这一部分作什么成分?
2. 找一下谓语有哪几个。
解析：
1. as引导的时间状语从句。最后 with display...... 这一部分作伴随状语。
2. 谓语: went by, became, became.
参考译文：
随着时间的推移，计算机变得越来越小，但功能越来越强大，而且它们不仅变得个人化，也变得单位化，其图像显示也变得更清晰，储存容量也在增加。
5. 原句：Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.
需要思考的问题：
1.判断一下下列句子所做的成分。
①that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response
②causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals
③than do males under the same conditions
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