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2019 中考语法(二):必考重难点全总结 查缺补漏必备!

句子大全 2015-11-19 03:15:24
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(1) 英语中能接不定式作宾语的主要动词口诀

三个希望两答应,(hope, wish, expect, agree,promise )

两个要求莫拒绝。( demand, ask, refuse )

设法学会做决定,( manage, learn, decide )

不要假装在选择。( pretend, choose)

打算提出俩计划,( intend, offer, plan, mean )

申请失败负担起,( apply, fail, afford )

准备愿望又碰巧。( prepare, desire, happen )

(2) 在 find, think, consider, feel, make, regard 等词后跟不定式作宾语时,常用 it 作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在句末。如:I find it important to learn English.

3.作宾语补足语

动词不定式作宾语补足语时,它与宾语在逻辑上是主谓关系。可用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:advise, allow, ask, cause, encourage,expect, force, invite, order, teach, tell, want 等。

My mother asked me to clean my room.

注意:

◆ 不定式作宾语补足语省略 to 的动词有:一感( feel ),二听( hear, listen to ),三让( make,let, have ),四看( look at, see, notice, watch )。

但在变被动语态时要加上 to。

I was made to wash my clothes.

4.作定语

I have something important to say.

5.做状语(表目的、原因、结果等)

He studies hard to get good grades.

6.常和疑问词 what, which, when, where, how连用,相当于一个宾语从句。

I don’t know where to go.

二、动词-ing 形式的具体用法

1.作主语

Doing exercise is good for our health.

2.作宾语

(1) 后跟动名词作宾语的词和词组有:

完成实践值得忙(finish, practice, be worth, be busy);继续习惯别放弃(keep on, be used to,give up);考虑建议不禁想 (consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like);喜欢思念要介意(enjoy, miss, mind)。

(2)既可接动词不定式也可用动名词作宾语且在意义上差别很大的词有 forget, remember,regret, stop 等。

① 后接不定式作宾语指该不定式表示的动作还未发生;后接动名词作宾语指该动名词表示的动作已经发生。

I remembered closing the door. 我记着我关过门了。(门已经关了)

I will remember to close the door. 我会记着去关门的。(门还没有关)

② need, want, require 等表示“需要”的动词后接不定式和动名词均可,且含义相同;但是语态不同。接动名词时用主动表被动含义(物作主语);接不定式表被动要用不定式的被动形式。

Those flowers need watering. = Those flowers need to be watered.

3.做表语

My hobby is swimming.

三、分词的具体用法

分词分为现在分词和过去分词。在句中起形容词、副词的作用,可在句中作表语、定语、状语。

1.分词的时态

① 与主语动作同时发生且与主语动作为主动关系,用现在分词;

② 分词动作先于句子动词的动作,且强调先后,要用 having done;

③分词的否定式为 not+ 分词。

Having finished the work, the man went home.

2.分词的语态

现在分词表主动;过去分词表被动;不及物动词的过去分词表示动作已经发生。

3.分词作定语

①分词前置

China is a developing country and America is a developed country.

②分词后置

被修饰的名词是 something, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词时,分词放在被修饰名词的后面。There is nothing exciting in today’s newspaper.

注意:过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词是被动关系,相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。

Most people invited didn’t come. = Most people

who were invited didn’t come.

4.分词作状语

① 现在分词表主动,动作正在进行;过去分词表被动,动作已经完成。

② 选择现在分词还是过去分词关键看主句的主语。如果分词的动作是由主语发出的,就选现在分词;反之,就用过去分词。

Founding no one in the room, he left.

Seen from the top of the mountain, the houses

look like match boxes(火柴盒).

5.分词作宾语补足语

可以跟分词作宾语补足语的谓语动词有 see,watch, hear, set, keep, find, have, get等词。

On my way to school, I saw David playing basketball.

6.分词作表语

The piano is broken. The movie is touching.

7.连词 + 分词(短语)

为使分词短语和主句关系更清楚,可在分词前加连词 when, while, after, before 等。但切记,分词的主语必须和主句的主语为同一个。

After finishing his work, the man went home.

语法专项复习——主谓一致和there be 结构

一、语法一致原则

主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复数形式。但也有特殊情况,例如:

二、意义一致原则

1.表示时间、金钱、距离或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,其后的谓语动词常用单数形式。例如:

Twenty dollars is enough to buy that dress.

2.以 -s 结尾的学科名词(maths, physics...)和抽象名词(news, plastics...)做主语时,谓语动词用单数。

例如:Politics is a bit boring for me.

3.当主语后面接由but, except, besides, as well

as, together with 等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单复数形式通常与其前面的主语一致。

例如:The teacher together with some students is talking and laughing.

4.集体名词( army, government, group, people,

police, public...)表示整体时视为单数,谓语动词用单数;表示集体中的个体成员时视为复数,谓语动词用复数。例如:

His family are having dinner at home.

His family is a happy family.

5.单、复数同形的名词作主语时,谓语动词应根据其意义决定单复数。例如:

A sheep is eating grass on the hill.

Some sheep are over there.

6.由 and 连接两个或两个以上单数名词或代词作主语表示同一个人、物时,谓语动词用单数;表示不同人、物时,谓语动词用复数。

例如:

The director and actor is coming. (同一个人)

The director and the actor are coming. (两个不同的人)

7. population作“人口”讲时,谓语常用单数形式;作“人们”讲时,谓语常用复数形式。当分数、百分数修饰 population 作主语时,谓语常用复数形式。例如:

The population of China is very large.

Two fourths of the population are from the countryside.

8. the+ 形容词表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数形式;表示抽象概念时,用单数形式。例如:

The old are taken good care of by the young.

三、就近原则

谓语动词要用单数还是复数取决于最邻近动词的名词、代词或其他词的单复数。可以使用就近原则的有:

1.以 here, there 开头的句型结构中

There is a pen and some books on the table.

2.either... or ..., neither... nor..., not only... but also...等连词中

Neither my parents nor I am at home.

一、简单句的五种基本句型

只包含一个主谓句子的结构叫作简单句。简单句主要有以下五种基本句型:

注意:

1.表格中句型 1 和句型 2 的区别:句型 1 中的谓语动词是不及物动词,如不及物动词agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, arrive 等;句型 2 中的谓语动词是及物动词,其后可跟宾语。

2.句型 3 结构可转换为两类:

(1)借助介词 to 接双宾语,侧重指动作的方向,表示“朝着、向着某人”。这类动词有:give,send, offer, pass, lend, show等。如:I sent a toy car to Jim.= I sent Jim a toy car.

(2)借助介词 for 接双宾语,侧重指动作的受益者,表示“为了某人、替某人”。这类动词有:buy, call, get 等。如:My mother bought me a book.= My mother bought a book for me.

3. 句型 5 中除了系动词 be 以外,还有感官类、表象类、变化类、保持类等系动词。

二、简单句的种类

1.陈述句

(1)陈述肯定句:She likes English.

(2)陈述否定句:I’m not an English.

2.疑问句

(1)一般疑问句

— Can you speak French?

— Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.

(2)特殊疑问句

How often do you play basketball?

(3)反义疑问句

She doesn’t like drinking milk, does she?

在反义疑问句中,遵循“前肯定后否定,前否定后肯定”的原则。如以上句子。常用的表示否定或半否定的词语还有 hardly, never,no, few, little, nothing 等。如:

There are few apples left, are there?

(4)选择疑问句

Which color do you like, blue or white?

3.感叹句

(1)what 引导的感叹句:

① What+a/an+ 形容词 + 可数名词单数 +S+V!

What a lovely girl she is!

② What+ 形容词 + 可数名词复数 +S+V!

What beautiful flowers they are!

③ What+ 形容词 + 不可数名词 +S+V!

What cold weather it is!

(2)How 引导的感叹句:

How+形容词 /副词 +S+V!

How interesting the movie is!

4.祈使句

表达说话人的命令、请求、建议等。常用的结构如下:

(1)Let sb. do sth. Don’t let sb. do sth.

(2)动词原形 + 其他 Don’t+ 动词原形 + 其他

Open the door! Don’t open the door!

(3)Be+ 形容词 Don’t+be+ 形容词

Be quiet! Don’t be late!

(4)No+ 动名词

No parking/smoking/running!

语法专项复习——一般现在时

一、一般现在时的构成

1.含 be 动词的一般现在时

肯定:主语 +be ( am/is/are)+ 其它

否定:主语 +be ( am/is/are) not+ 其它

一般疑问句:Be ( Am/Is/Are)+ 主语 + 其它?

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 +be( am/is/are)+ 主语+其它?

She is a teacher. She isn’t a teacher.

— Is she a teacher? — Yes, she is./ No, she isn’t.

What is her job?

2.含实义动词的一般现在时

肯定:主语 + 实意动词原形 / 单三 + 其它

否定:主语 +don’t/doesn’t+ 动词原形 + 其它

一般疑问句:Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其它?

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 +do/does+主语 + 动词原形 + 其它?

Helen works hard.

Helen doesn’t work hard.

— Does Helen work hard?

— Yes, she does./No, she doesn’t.

How does Helen work?

注意:在一般现在时的结构中,动词的形式由主语的单复数决定。主语是第一人称或复数时,谓语动词用其原形;主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词用单三形式。现将动词单三的规则变化及其读音总结如下:

二、一般现在时的用法

1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如:

My grandparents always take a walk in the park after supper.

2.表示客观真理、客观存在以及科学事实。

The speed of light is faster than the speed of sound. 光速比声速快。

3.用在表示格言或警句中。

Where there is a will, there is a way.

有志者事竟成。

4.表示现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性等。

They don’t speak English. They speak French.

三、一般现在时的时间状语

1.频度副词:always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never等

He seldom eats out. He likes cooking at home.

2.表频率的短语:once a day, twice a week, three,times a month等 My father plays basketball twice a week.

3.有关 every 的:every day, every week, every month等

To keep healthy, James eats vegetables every day.

四、一般现在时代替其他时态

1.一般现在时表将来

(1)动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, stop等用一般现在时表将来。这主要表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如:

The movie starts at six o’clock and ends at

8 o’clock.

(2)在由 when,after,before,as soon as 引导的时间状语从句或由 if 引导的条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表将来。例如:

As soon as she arrives, she will give you a surprise.

If it is sunny tomorrow, we’ll go out.

(3)在动词hope, take, care that, make sure that 等后用一般现在时表将来。例如:

I make sure that you can do well next time.

2.一般现在时代替过去时态

在新闻标题、历史简介、小说章节标题或小说、电影、戏剧情节介绍和幻灯片、图片的说明中,常用一般现在时。例如:

The chairman arrives for the opening ceremony.

(照片说明)

3.一般现在时代替现在进行时在 there 和 here 引起的句子中,常可用一般现在时态代替现在进行时。例如:

Look! Here comes the bus.

4.一般现在时代替现在完成时

(1)在 hear, forget, understand, learn, tell, say 等表示“已知;已忘等”的动词中,用一般现在时代替现在完成时。例如:

I hear (have heard) that they will move to Beijing.

(2)用句型“It is...since...”代替“It has been...since...”。例如:

It is (=has been) two years since we met last time.

语法专项复习 —— 现在进行时

一、现在进行时的构成

现在进行时表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。表示正在进行的时间状语有 now, at the moment, these days, at present 等。除了这些时间状语,还有 look, listen 等动词也用于提示现在进行时。例如:

They are having English class at present.

Listen! Someone is singing in the garden.

1.肯定:主语 +be(am/is/are)+ 动词的 ing+ 其它

2.否定:主语 +be(am/is/are)+not+ 动词的 ing+其它

3.一般疑问句:Be(Am/Is/Are)+ 主语 + 动词的ing+ 其它?

4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 +be(am/is/are)+ 主语 + 动词的 ing+ 其它?

例如:

He is reading now.

He isn’t reading now.

— Is he reading now?

— Yes, he is./ No, he isn’t.

What is he doing now?

注意:

★ 在现在进行时结构中,主语后不能省略 be直接加动词的 ing 形式;be 动词后也不能直接用动词原形。例如:

I watching TV. (错误)

I am watch TV. (错误)

I am watching TV. (正确)

★在现在进行时结构中,be 动词的形式随主语的变化而变化。主语是第一人称 I 时,用 am;主语是 we 或 they 时,用 are;主语是第三人称单数 he/she/it 时,用 is。

★动词现在分词的具体构成方法

(1)一般在动词后加 -ing。

begin—beginning

regret—regretting

plan—planning

(2)动词若以 -e 结尾,则去 e 再加 -ing。

love—loving

make—making

guide—guiding

(3)动词若以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加 -ing。例如:

begin—beginning

regret—regretting

plan—planning

(4)在以 -ie 结尾的动词后,改 ie 为 y,再加 -ing。例

如:lie—lying die—dying tie—tying

(5) 在以 -c [k]结尾的动词后加 -king。例如:

picnic—picnicking panic—panicking

二、现在进行时的基本用法

1.表示说话人说话时正在进行的动作,它不涉及该动作的发生和结果,意思是“正在”,常和表示此刻的时间状语连用,如 now, at this time, at present, at the moment等。例如:

She is doing her homework at the moment.

2.表示现阶段但并非眼下正在进行着的动作,这种动作常与表示一段的时间状语连用。如these days, this week 等。例如:

The writer is writing a novel these days.

3.渐变动词 go, come, leave, start, arrive, grow, turn,run等的现在进行时表示将来要发生的动作。例如:

My aunt is coming to see me by train this Saturday.

4.与 always, forever, continually, constantly,

instantly, continuously 等频度副词连用时,表示经常、反复发生的动作。往往带有说话人的主观感情色彩,如厌烦、愤怒、抱怨、赞扬等情感。

The boy is always getting up late. (指责)

Helen is always working hard. (赞赏)

三、不用于现在进行时的动词

1.表示事实状态的动词。例如:

have, belong to, possess, own, exist, include,

contain, matter, weigh, etc.

2.表示心理状态的动词。例如

know,realize,think,believe,suppose,imagine,agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, understand, prefer, love, like, hate, etc.

3.瞬间动词

accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse, etc.

4.系动词

seem, remain, hear, smell, get, become, turn, etc.

语法专项复习—— 一般将来时

一、一般将来时的定义和时间状语

一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与一般将来时连用的时间状语有:

1.tomorrow, the day after tomorrow

2.next week (month, year...)

3.this afternoon/evening/weekend/Sunday...

4.in+ 一段时间

5.in the future, some day, soon...

二、一般将来时的构成类型

1.由 shall/will 构成的一般将来时

肯定:主语 +shall/will+ 动词原形 + 其它

否定:主语 +shall/will not (shan’t/won’t) + 动词原形 + 其它

一般疑问句:Shall/Will+ 主语 + 动词原形 +其它?

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 +shall/will+主语 +动词原形 + 其它?

I shall/will go to Beijing next week.

I shan’t/won’t go to Beijing next week.

— Will you go to Beijing next week?

— Yes, I will./ No, I won’t.

Where will you go next week?

注意:shall 只用于第一人称 I 和 we,will 可以用于任何人称。

2.由 be going to 构成的一般将来时

肯定:主语 +be going to + 动词原形 + 其它

否定:主语 +be not going to +动词原形+其它

一般疑问句:Be + 主语 +going to + 动词原形+ 其它?

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 +be+ 主语 +going to+动词原形 + 其它?

She is going to watch a movie this weekend.

She isn’t going to watch a movie this weekend.

— Is she going to watch a movie this weekend?

— Yes, she is./ No, she isn’t.

What is she going to do this weekend?

3.there be 句型的一般将来时

There will be+ 其它

There is/are going to+be+ 其它

There will be a football match tomorrow afternoon.

There is going to be a fashion show at our school in three hours.

拓展

一般将来时除了以上几种结构外,通常也可以用下面两种结构来表示将来的动作。

1.be about to+动词原形

表示马上要做或发生的事情,不能和 tomorrow, next year 等表示明确将来时间的时间状语连用。

Get everything ready! We’re about to leave.

2.be to+动词原形

表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。例如:

We are to talk about it later.

三、will 和 be going to 的区别

be going to 和 will 的用法都可以表示将来发生的动作或情况,一般情况下能互换。但它们的用法也是有一些区别的:

1.be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情;will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。例如:

Mike’s parents are going to have a birthday party this Friday.

Lucy will work as an English teacher in the future.

2.be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情;will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情(不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事)。例如:

The old man is ill. He is going to die.

Today is Monday. Tomorrow will be Tuesday.

3.be going to 表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做的事情。例如:

She is going to go shopping tomorrow.

4.在条件状语从句中,主句一般不用 be going to,多用 will。例如:

If the weather is good tomorrow, we’ll have a picnic.

5.will 可以用来问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令;而 be going to 没有这种用法。例如:

Will you please close the door? 请关上门好吗?

四、一般将来时的特殊用法

1.一般现在时表将来

(1)下列动词 come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin,return等的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。

The TV program starts at 8 o’clock.

(2)以 here, there 等开始的倒装句,表示动作

马上发生。例如:

There goes the bell.

(3)在时间或条件句中,一般现在时可以表示将来。例如:

When he returns, I will tell you.

2.现在进行时表将来

下列动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。如 go, come, fly, leave, start, begin, arrive 等。

My father is arriving at Beijing airport at 3 p.m. tomorrow.

语法专项复习 —— 一般过去时

一、一般过去时的构成

1.含 be 动词的一般过去时结构

肯定:主语 +was/were+ 表语

否定:主语 +wasn’t/weren’t+ 表语

一般疑问句:Was/Were+ 主语 + 表语?

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 +was/were+ 主语 +表语?

He was ill yesterday.

He wasn’t ill yesterday.

— Was he ill yesterday?

— Yes, he was./ No, he wasn’t.

When was he ill?

2.含实意动词的一般过去时结构

肯定:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其它

否定:主语 +didn’t+ 动词原形 + 其它

一般疑问句:Did+ 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它?

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 +did+ 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它?

We went to the zoo last Sunday.

We didn’t go to the zoo last Sunday.

— Did you go to the zoo last Sunday?

— Yes, we did./ No, we didn’t.

What did you do last Sunday?

3.含有情态动词的一般过去时结构

肯定:主语 + 情态动词的过去式 + 动词原形 +其它

否定:主语 + 情态动词的过去式 +not+ 动词原形 + 其它

一般疑问句:情态动词的过去式 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它?

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + 情态动词的过去式 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它?

He could play the piano at the age of five.

He couldn’t play the piano at the age of five.

— Could he play the piano at the age of five?

— Yes, he could./ No, he couldn’t.

What could he do at the age of five?

注意:在以上第一种结构中,当主语是第一人称 I 和第三人称单数时,be 用 was;当主语是复数时,be 用 were。在第二个结构中,无论主语是什么,谓语动词都用动词的过去形式。在第三种结构中,常用的情态动词有 could,would 等,其后都必须用动词的原形。

1.规则变化

2.不规则变化

(1)有些动词的过去式与动词原形同形。如:hit, hurt, let, cost, read, cut, put

(2)将原形中的元音字母 i 改为 a。如:sit-sat, swim-swam, give-gave

(3)以 -a(o)ught 结尾的动词过去式。如:catch-caught, teach-taught, bring-brought

(4)有些以 -eep 结尾的动词的过去式是把 -eep改为 -ept。如:

keep-kept, sleep-slept, sweep-swept

(5)有些以 -ow 结尾的动词的过去式是把 -ow 改为 -ew。如:

grow-grew, know-knew, throw-threw

(6)有些以 -end 结尾的动词的过去式是把 -end改为 -ent。如:send-sent, spend-spent

3.动词过去式的读音规则

(1)动词词尾为“t, d”时,发 /id/ 音。如:wanted,

needed

(2)动词词尾为清辅音时,发 / t / 音。如:helped,

looked

(3)动词词尾为 t,d 以外之浊辅音或元音时,发

/ d / 音。如:called, stayed

三、一般过去时的时间状语

1.yesterday, the day before yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon

2. last night(week, month, year...)

3. 介词 + 过去的时间。如:in 2016, on January 1st

4. 一 段 时 间 +ago。 如:a few days ago, two hours ago

5. 其 他 :just now, at the age of, once upon a time, this morning/afternoon, when I was...

四、一般过去时的具体用法

1. 表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况。这种用法的过去时间可以是指明的,也可以是不指明的。如:

The girl suddenly cried just now.

2.表示过去经常性、重复性发生的动作或习惯。

When I lived there, I often went to the museum with my friends.

语法专项复习—— 过去进行时

一、过去进行时的定义

过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻发生的动作。常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如:at 8 o’clock yesterday, at that time/moment 等。

I was sleeping at ten o’clock last night.

二、过去进行时的构成

1.肯定:主语 +was/were+ 动词的 ing

2.否定:主语 +wasn’t/weren’t+ 动词的 ing

3.一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语 +动词的 ing?

4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 +was/were+ 主语 + 动词的 ing?

We were watching a movie at five yesterday afternoon.

We weren’t watching a movie at five yesterday afternoon.

— Were you watching a movie at five yesterday afternoon?

— Yes, we were./ No, we weren’t.

What were you doing at five yesterday afternoon?

注意:

(1)Her hobby was playing the piano. (动名词短语作表语)

(2)She was playing the piano this time yesterday. (现在分词)

句 (1) 不是过去进行时的结构,而是主系表结构。其中,paying the piano 是动名词短语作表语,而不是现在分词。

三、过去进行时的具体用法

1.表示过去某一时间段内持续进行的动作。如:

She was cleaning her room all morning yesterday.

2.动词 hope, wonder 等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求,虽然表示现在的内容,但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。如:

I was wondering if you could lend me your car.

注意:一般过去时也有类似用法,相比之下,一般过去时通常表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的,而过去进行时则多表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。

3.过去进行时有时可以与 always, constantly,

continually, forever, repeatedly 等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用,强调动作的不断重复,具有感情色彩。如:

My father was always helping others.

He was constantly making mistakes.

注:现在进行时也有类似用法,但过去进行时是表示过去不断重复的动作,而现在进行时是表示现在不断重复的动作。

4.常与 when 和 while 引导的时间状语从句连用,以介绍故事发生的背景。如:

When my mother came home, I was reading.

While we were talking happily, the phone rang.

5.表示为过去的将来安排好的活动和事件。这类用法在没有明确上下文的情况下,通常会和一个表示将来的时间状语连用。如:

He told me that his father was working in Beijing next year.

四、不能用于过去进行时的词在英语中并不是所有的词都能用于过去进行时。

比如下面这些动词:

agree,care,forget,hate,hear,know,like,love,mind,notice,own,belong,seem, understand,want, wish 等。如:

I wasn’t knowing the man. (错误)

I don’t know the man. (正确)

五、过去进行时与 when 连用和与 while 连用的具体区别

过去进行时与 when 和 while 引导的时间状语从句连用时都可以描述动作发生的背景。但也有一些区别。比如:

1.when 引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词;而 while 从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。如:

While I was shopping, I met my friend.

(正确)

While I met my friend, I was shopping.

(错误)

2.表示从句和主句的动作同时发生,都用过去进行时的时候多用 while 而不用when。如:

While my mother was cooking, my father was reading a magazine.

Some students were singing while others were dancing.

声 明

责任编辑:魏晓萌

图文校对:杨壹澜

封面来源:第十五届骨干研修班现场图

审 核:贾丹彤

本文选自《双语学习报》,内容旨在交流分享,转载请留言联系授权;未经授权,不得商用。

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