2019中考英语一轮复习主谓一致

主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致，语法一致即谓语动词在单 形式上要和主语保持一致，意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致，就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。

1、主语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致，即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式：如：

The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)

The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)

2、集体名词(如family,class,team,group,row,police,school等)做句子主语时，

①如果表示整体概念，则谓语用单数形式，如：

Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)

②如果表示其中的所有成员时，则谓语用复数形式，如：

Class Three have a map of China.(三班有张中国地图)

3、Chinese,Japanese,fish,sheep,people等表示单个时谓语用单数，表示许多时，谓语用复数。如：

There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊)

There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊)

4、maths,news等虽然有s结尾，但不是复数，因此谓语仍用单数：

The news is very exciting.(这个消息令人兴奋)

5、glasses,shoes,socks,trousers,gloves等名词往往用复数形式，故谓语用复数。如：

The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜，我想买)

6、alotof后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式，跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如：

A lot of students are playing baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球)

A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)

7、and连接两个名词做主语时，谓语原则上用复数，但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时，谓语则用单数。如：

The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果)

Fish and chips is very famous food.(鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品)

8、therebe句型中be的单 一般由靠近的名词决定。如：

There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子)

9、用both and 连接两个事物做主语时，谓语一般用复数。如：

Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)

10、主语中含有with的短语时，谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。如：

A woman with a 7-year-oldchild was standing at the side of the road.(一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时)就站在路边)

11、either or 或者neither nor 连接两个人物做句子主语时，谓语采用就近原则。如：

Either you or he is right.(要么是你对，要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的)

Neither you nor I am going there.(你和我都不打算去那里)

12、表示一段时间或 概念的复数名词做主语时，谓语一般用单数。如：

Two months is not as hort time.(两个月不是个短时间)

Two thous and kilometers is quite a long distance(距离)。(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)

13、主语中含有halfof /threequartersof /all(of)the 等词语时，谓语的单复数由名词确定，如：

Over three quarters of the in for mation on the Internet is in English.(因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的)

All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句)

但是，population一词又有特殊情况：

What s the population of China?(中国人口是多少?)(句子用单数)

Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs(阿拉伯人)。(这个城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人)(句子用复数)