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初中英语语法大全:宾语从句

句子大全 2012-08-11 09:31:01
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1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。

We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.

He has made it clear that he will not give in.

2.某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句,这类形容词或过去分词有sure,glad,certain,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied等,连词that可省略。

I am not sure what I ought to do.

I’m afraid you don’t understand what I said.

I’m surprised that I didn’t see all that before.

Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.

3.连词whether (…or not)或if引导的宾语从句

if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用,但whether常和or not连用,

if一般不与or not连用。如:

I wonder whether it is true or not.我不知它是真是假。

用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义,应避免使用if而用wheter.试比较:

Please let me know if you want to go.

Please let me know whether you want to go.

if从句可理解为宾语从句,意为“请告诉我你是否想去”;此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话,请告诉我一声”。

4.宾语从句的否定转移。在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句,有时谓语尽管是否定意思,却不用否定形式,而将think等动词变为否定形式。如:

I don’t think you are right.

I don’t believe they have finished their work yet.

I don’t suppose he cares,does he? 我想他不在意,是吗?

5.宾语从句的时态变化规律:

主句从句

一般现在时可根据需要用任何时态。

一般过去时过去的某种时态,例如:一般过去,过去进行,过去完成,过去将来等

注意:说到自然现象和普遍真理时,用一般现在时

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 3宾语从句应注意的问题

1.时态的一致(主句的时态与从句的时态一致) a.宾语从句中如果主句是现在的时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。

I know he lives here.我知道他住在这儿。

I know he lived here ten years ago.

我知道他十年前住在这儿。

I have heard that he will come.

我已经听说他要来了。

b.宾语从句中如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时),那么从句的时态一定要用过去的时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。

I know who lives here.我知道谁住在这儿。

I know who lived here 我知道谁住过这儿。

Everyone he asks us if everyone is here.

He asked us if everyone was here.

他问我们是否所有的人都出席了。

He has said that he has seen it.

他说过他已经看了。

He said that he had seen it.

他说他已经看了。

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