初中英语使役动词及其用法大全

英语中具有使役意义的动词较多，跟人们常常说的使役动词不是一个概念。通常我们说使役动词，指的是make, have, let这三个动词，它们在后接不定式作宾语补足语时要省去不定式符号to。但具有使役意义的动词数量上远不止这些，用法也较灵活，现将其分类叙述如下，以饷读者。 使役动词have, let, make (常用于复合结构) 1. have的用法 1)have +宾语+do(省略to的不定式)：表示主语“要”“使”“让”宾语干某事，宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系。 The rich lady had the singer eat with her servants.这位富有的女士让这位歌手和她的仆人一起吃饭。 I will have him come and help you.我会让他来帮助你的。 2)have+宾语+现在分词：表示让某人或物连续进行某动作或处于某状态中，宾语和宾补是一种主动关系。 The two cheats had the lights burning all night long.这两个骗子让灯整晚亮着。He had us waiting for him three hours yesterday.昨天他让我们一直等了他三个小时。 I have them all talking to each other in English.我鼓励他们用英语交谈。 3)have +宾语+过去分词：表示主语的主观意志，即主语让别人为自己完成某事，宾语和宾补是动宾关系，还可以表示主语遭受到来利或不测的事。 Tom said he had had his TV set repaired.汤姆修了他的电视机。(别人修的) Tom had his wallet stolen on the bus yesterday.昨天汤姆使他的钱包被偷了。(别人偷的) 4)have+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语作宾补 Please have your tickets ready.请准备好你的票。 The Emperor had nothing on.这位皇帝什么都没在做。 I am sure I’ll have him in the argument. 2. let的用法 1)let +宾语+do(省to不定式)：表示主语“要”“使”“让”宾语干某事，宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系。 Let them stay in the classroom and do their exercises themselves.让他们自己待在教室里做练习吧。 Let AB be equal to CD.假设AB等于CD. 2)let+宾语+副词/介词短语作宾补 Let me in and let them out.让我进来，让他们出去。 Who let you into the building?谁让你进到大楼里来的? 3. make的用法 1)make +宾语+do(省to不定式)：表示主语“要”“使”“让”宾语干某事，宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系。此结构常用被动结构。 The teacher made the naughty boy stand there for an hour.老师让这个调皮的男孩在那里站了一个小时。 The naughty boy was made to stand there for an hour.这个调皮的男孩被让在那站了一个小时。 2)make+宾语+过去分词，此结构中的宾语指人时常用到反身代词。 He raised his voice to make himself heard.他提高嗓音让自己被听到。 They will make an important plan known to the public soon.他们不久就会让公众知道这个计划。 3)make+宾语+形容词，宾语亦可是从句。The news made her happy.这个消息使她快乐。 He made it clear that he objected to the proposal.他明确表明他反对这个建议。